The 13 Colonies (an odd number) were on the east coast of the U.S. NEODD SWEVEN: North East Odd, South West Even, Once a route has been chosen, you need to calculate headings/courses to be flown. The aeronautical information includes visual and radio aids to navigation, airports, controlled airspace, special-use airspace, obstructions, and related data Scale 1 inch = 6.86nm/1:500,000 Revised every 56 days, except most Alaskan charts are revised annually Charts can be purchased through Amazon Amazon, Sectional Aeronautical Chart Private Pilot Navigation Lesson Plans - CFI Notebook Emergency Operations: Task A. Pilots should avoid premature manual deletion of waypoints from their active "legs" page to allow for rejoining procedures, RAIM Prediction: If TSO-C129 equipment is used to solely satisfy the RNAV and RNP requirement, GPS RAIM availability must be confirmed for the intended route of flight (route and time). Operators of aircraft not having specific RNP eligibility statements in the AFM or avionics documents may be issued operational approval including special conditions and limitations for specific RNP eligibilities, Some airborne systems use Estimated Position Uncertainty (EPU) as a measure of the current estimated navigational performance. GBAS Landing System (GLS) procedures are also constructed using RNP APCH NavSpecs and provide precision approach capability. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) Products: Flight Information Publication (FLIP) Planning Documents, FLIP En-route Charts and Chart Supplements, FLIP Instrument Approach Procedures (IAPs), International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), https://www.icao.int/publications/Pages/catalogue.aspx, Aeronautical Information Manual (9-1-1) General, Aeronautical Information Manual (9-1-2) Obtaining Aeronautical Charts, Aeronautical Information Manual (9-1-3) Selected Charts and Products Available, Aeronautical Information Manual (9-1-4) General Description of each Chart Series, Aeronautical Information Manual (9-1-5) Where and How to Get Charts of Foreign Areas, Federal Aviation Administration - Aeronautical Chart User's Guide, Federal Aviation Administration - AeroNav, Federal Aviation Administration - AeroNav Digital Products, Federal Aviation Administration - Pilot/Controller Glossary, Civil aeronautical charts for the U.S. and its territories and possessions are produced by the. Federal Aviation Administration - Pilot/Controller Glossary, FAR 91.103 that "Each pilot in command shall, before beginning a flight, become familiar with all available information concerning that flight" which includes, If you don't own an airplane, you probably rent your favorite aircraft at the same FBO each time you fly however, for many, that may not be a possibility, Variations in airplanes which you are licensed and probably signed off to rent by your local FBO must be considered, While normal procedures can generally be done at the pilot's pace, emergency procedures cannot, making their understanding crucial, Aircraft perform differently based on the environmentals and type of operation expected, Be cognizant of "what is different today" and brief to it up front, so factors like density altitude and weight and balance are taken into consideration, Review and print, or tab a copy of the arrival and departure airport, as required, Be wary of "expectation bias;" listen to what a controller actually says, not what you expect, Enroute sector boundaries can be found on enroute charts allowing you to anticipate where about a switch will occur, and to what frequency, Don't ignore what you are flying over as water conditions/temperatures and terrain may impact what you bring and how you may react to an emergency, Pilots must be familiar with what equipment is installed in the airplane, Just as important, pilots must be familiar with where that equipment is installed, The most obvious example is the instrument panel, where equipment like transponders maybe in a new location, even across the same brand of airplane but a different model, Less obvious examples are safety equipment. Becomes difficult in low visibility or in areas that lack prominent features. Trust our experience to help you soar. | Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | Sitemap | Patreon | Contact, Federal Aviation Administration - Pilot/Controller Glossary, CFI Notebook.net - Airways and Route Course Navigation, Instrument Flying Handbook (1-6) IFR En-Route Charts, The objective of IFR en route flight is to navigate within the, Your ability to fly instruments safely and competently in the system is greatly enhanced by understanding the vast array of data available to the pilot on instrument charts, En route high-altitude charts provide aeronautical information for en route instrument navigation at or above 18,000' MSL, Information includes the portrayal of Jet and RNAV routes, identification and frequencies of radio aids, selected airports, distances, time zones, special use airspace, and related information, Established jet routes from 18,000' MSL to FL 450 use NAVAIDs not more than 260 NM apart, To effectively depart from one airport and navigate en route under instrument conditions, a pilot needs the appropriate IFR en route low-altitude chart(s), The IFR low altitude en route chart is the instrument equivalent of the sectional chart, When folded, the cover of the AeroNav Products en route chart displays an index map of the United States showing the coverage areas, Cities near congested airspace are shown in black type and their associated area chart is listed in the box in the lower left-hand corner of the map coverage box, Also noted is an explanation of the off-route obstruction clearance altitude (OROCA), The effective date of the chart is printed on the other side of the folded chart, Information concerning MTRs is also included on the chart cover, The en route charts are revised every 56 days, When the AeroNav Products en route chart is unfolded, the legend is displayed and provides information concerning airports, NAVAIDs, communications, air traffic services, and airspace, Airport information is provided in the legend, and the symbols used for the airport name, elevation, and runway length are similar to the sectional chart presentation, Associated city names are shown for public airports only, FAA identifiers are shown for all airports, ICAO identifiers are also shown for airports outside of the contiguous United States, Instrument approaches can be found at airports with blue or green symbols, while the brown airport symbol denotes airports that do not have instrument approaches, Stars are used to indicate the part-time nature of tower operations, Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) frequencies, part-time or on request lighting facilities, and part-time airspace classifications, The minimum en route altitude (MEA) ensures a navigation signal strong enough for adequate reception by the aircraft navigation (NAV) receiver and obstacle clearance along the airway, Communication is not necessarily guaranteed with MEA compliance, The obstacle clearance, within the limits of the airway, is typically 1,000' in non-mountainous areas and 2,000' in designated mountainous areas, MEAs can be authorized with breaks in the signal coverage; if this is the case, the AeroNav Products en route chart notes "MEA GAP" parallel to the affected airway, MEAs are usually bidirectional; however, they can be single-directional, Arrows are used to indicate the direction to which the MEA applies, The minimum obstruction clearance altitude (MOCA), as the name suggests, provides the same obstruction clearance as an MEA; however, the NAV signal reception is ensured only within 22 NM of the closest NAVAID defining the route, The MOCA is listed below the MEA and indicated on AeroNav Products charts by a leading asterisk (e.g., "*3400" - see Figure 1-2, V287 at bottom left), The minimum reception altitude (MRA) identifies the lowest altitude at which an intersection can be determined from an off-course NAVAID, If the reception is line-of-sight based, signal coverage only extends to the MRA or above, However, if the aircraft is equipped with distance measuring equipment (DME) and the chart indicates the intersection can be identified with such equipment, the pilot could define the fix without attaining the MRA, On AeroNav Products charts, the MRA is indicated by the symbol, The minimum crossing altitude (MCA) is charted when a higher MEA route segment is approached, The MCA is usually indicated when a pilot is approaching steeply rising terrain and obstacle clearance and/or signal reception is compromised, In this case, the pilot is required to initiate a climb so the MCA is reached by the time the intersection is crossed, On AeroNav Products charts, the MCA is indicated by the symbol, The maximum authorized altitude (MAA) is the highest altitude at which the airway can be flown with assurance of receiving adequate navigation signals, Chart depictions appear as "MAA-15000."